A macronutrient is defined as any substance that is required in large amounts for the healthy growth and development of an organism. In the context of nutrition and the human diet, we require three macronutrients – carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Each of the three macronutrients are equally important and serve their own unique purpose and function.

 

 

The Role of Different Macronutrients

Carbohydrates

• Provide the major source of energy to fuel our daily activities and metabolic processes.
• Are critical in maintaining healthy blood sugar levels.
• Spare proteins and fats for uses outside of energy production.

Proteins

• Are known as the body’s “building blocks”, repairing and maintaining body tissue such as hair, skin, eyes, muscles, bones, and organs. Proteins often act to strengthen these structures.
• Drive biochemical reactions, participate in hormone regulation, and aid the immune system by playing a role in the production of enzymes, hormones, and antibodies.
• Provide structure and strength to cells and tissues, and act as a transporter to carry molecules within cells and throughout the body.
• In rare instances, protein can serve as a source of energy.

Fats

• Provide a concentrated source of energy.
• Play a vital role in the absorption, transportation, and storage of fat-soluble vitamins.
• Insulate and regulate body temperature, as well as cushion and protect important internal organs.
• Are a part of every cell membrane, helping to transport nutrients and metabolites (products of metabolic action) across cell membranes.
• Play a key role in nerve signaling, bone health, and are essential for all systems of the body to function optimally, including the respiratory system, circulatory system, brain, and organs.

The important thing to realize is that each macronutrient serves a valuable purpose and it is never wise to drastically cut any of them. A balanced approach is always preferred, while allowing yourself the opportunity to make adjustments through trial and error and firsthand experience of what works best for you.